NEED-TO-KNOW: No More than That
It is a concept describing the restriction of sensitive data.
Under need-to-know restrictions, even if a person has all the approvals (such as a security clearance) to access certain information, she would not be given access to such information unless she has a specific need to know that—if the access to the information must be necessary for her to conduct her duties.
{INFORMATION ASYMMETRY, THE DICHOTOMY, SIGNAL/NOISE, COMPARTMENTALIZATION, JUST IN CASE, IMPOSE CONSTRAINTS}